罗塞蒂

罗塞蒂(1828～1882年)

Rossetti, Dante Gabriel，原名Gabriel Charles Dante。

英国画家及诗人。罗塞蒂之子，克莉丝蒂娜.罗塞蒂之兄。曾在皇家艺术院就读，为选择绘画还是写诗而犹豫不决。他是布朗的门外弟子，吸收了布朗对於德国拿撒勒派的赞赏之情。1848年，他和几位朋友一起建立前拉斐尔派。透过诗歌、绘画与社会理想主义相结合，并将「前拉斐尔派」诠释为浪漫主义化的中世纪艺术的同义词，罗塞蒂扩展了兄弟会的宗旨。在他的油画作品受到严厉的批评时，为了能够更容易的将画卖给熟人，他转而在文学作品的基础上创作水彩画，并且大获成功。1852年兄弟会破裂，但1856年罗塞蒂与柏恩－琼斯和莫里斯一起又复兴了兄弟会。1862年他长期患病的妻子去世，可能是死於自杀，此後他作品的主题由文学转向了女人，特别是莫里斯的妻子简的肖像。1875年，他对简的爱恋导致了他与莫里斯关系破裂，余生在嗜酒的隐居生活中度过。

English version：

1828～1882年

Rossetti, Dante Gabriel

British painter and poet. Son of Gabriele Rossetti and brother of Christina Rossetti, he trained at the Royal Academy, but vacillated between painting and poetry. As an informal pupil of Ford Madox Brown, he absorbed Brown's admiration for the German Nazarenes, and in 1848, with several friends, he formed the Pre-Raphaelites. Rossetti expanded the Brotherhood's aims by linking poetry, painting, and social idealism and by treating “Pre-Raphaelite” as synonymous with a romanticized medieval past. When his oil paintings were severely criticized, he turned to watercolors based on literary works, which he could more easily sell to acquaintances, and became very successful. The group broke up in 1852, but Rossetti revived it in 1856 with Edward Burne-Jones and William Morris. After the death of his long-ailing wife in 1862, possibly by suicide, literary themes gave way to pictures of women, particularly Morris's wife, Jane. His poetry, including the sonnet sequence “The House of Life,” was widely admired. He broke with Morris in 1875 over his love for Jane, and spent his later years as an alcoholic recluse.