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¶÷¸ñ˹(1820¡«1895Äê) Engels, Friedrich µÂ¹úÉç»áÖ÷ÒåÕÜѧ¼Ò¡£¸¸Ç×ÊÇ·ÄÖ¯³§µÄ³§³¤£¬ááÀ´Ëû×Ô¼º³ÉΪ³É¹¦µÄÉúÒâÈË£¬´ÓûÓÐÒòËûµÄ¹²²úÖ÷ÒåÔÔòºÍÅúÆÀ×ʱ¾¼Ò¶ø¸ÉÈŵ½ËûµÄ¹«Ë¾ÓÐÀûµÄÔË×÷¡£ÄêÇáʱ¶Ô¡¸ÇàÄêºÚ¸ñ¶ûÅÉ¡¹£¨Young Hegelian£©Ëù²ûÊöµÄºÚ¸ñ¶û£¨G. W. F. Hegel£©ÕÜѧ¿ªÊ¼ÓÐÐËȤ£¬ááÀ´±»ÈË˵·þ¸ÄÐŹ²²úÖ÷ÒåÊǺڸñ¶ûÖ÷Ò壨Hegelianism£©ºÍ±çÖ¤·¨£¨dialectic£©µÄºÏºõÂß¼µÄ½áÂÛ¡£1844Äê¶÷¸ñ˹³ö°æ¡¶Ó¢¹ú¹¤È˽׼¶×´¿ö¡·£¨The Condition of the Working Class in England£©¡£ËûÔÚ¿Æ¡½áʶÁËÂí¿Ë˼£¬Á½È˽¨Á¢Á˺ã¾ÃµÄâ·°é¹Øϵ£¬Ò»Æð´Ù½øÉç»áÖ÷ÒåÔ˶¯¡£ËûÃÇÁ½ÈË˵·þÂ׶صڶþ´Î¹²²úµ³´ú±í´ó»á£¨Communist Congress£©½ÓÊÜËûÃǵĹ۵㣬´ó»áÄËÊÚȨËûÃÇÁ½ÈËÆð²Ý¡¶¹²²úµ³ÐûÑÔ¡·£¨Communist Manifesto, 1948£©¡£Âí¿Ë˼ȥÊÀ£¨1883£©áᣬ¶÷¸ñ˹³ÉΪ¹Øì¶Âí¿Ë˼ºÍÂí¿Ë˼Ö÷Ò壨Marxism£©µÄ×î´óȨÍþ¡£³ýÁËд×Ô¼ºµÄÊéÍ⣬¶÷¸ñ˹»¹ÒÔÂí¿Ë˼δÍê³ÉµÄÊÖ¸åºÍ±Ê¼ÇΪ»ù´¡Ð´³É¡¶×ʱ¾ÂÛ¡·£¨Das Kapital£©µÚ¶þ¾í£¨1885£©ºÍµÚÈý¾í£¨1894£©¡£ English version£º 1820¡«1895Äê Engels, Friedrich German Socialist philosopher. Son of a factory owner, he eventually became a successful businessman himself, never allowing his communist principles and criticism of capitalist ways to interfere with the profitable operations of his firm. As a young man he developed an interest in the philosophy of G. W. F. Hegel as expounded by the Young Hegelians, and he became persuaded that the logical consequence of Hegelianism and dialectic was communism. In 1844 he published The Condition of the Working Class in England. With Karl Marx, whom he met in Cologne, he formed a permanent partnership to promote the socialist movement. After persuading the second Communist Congress to adopt their views, the two men were authorized to draft the Communist Manifesto (1848). After Marx's death (1883), Engels served as the foremost authority on Marx and Marxism. Aside from his own books, he completed volumes 2 and 3 of Das Kapital on the basis of Marx's uncompleted manuscripts and rough notes. ²Î¿¼ÎÄÕÂ
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